Turbine.



C. S. FARRER.

TURBINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT- 22, lgl.

Patented N ov. 5, 1918. 3 SHEETS-SHEET l C. S. PARKER.l

TURBINE.

APPucATloN FILED sEPT.22. 1911.

1,283,485- i mmm. 5,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

31a/vento@ SH01 neig C. S. PARKER.

TURBINE.

. APPLICATION HLED ssPLzz, mi.

''. ,gcg Patented Nov. 5, 1918.

3SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Lf" CHHRLEs S. FERRER;

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CHARLES S. FARRER, 0F DUNMRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 5, 1918..

`Application filed September 22, 1917. Serial No. 192,759.

T0 all whom t may concern: l

Be it known that I, CHARLES S. FARRER, a citizen 0f thejUnited States,residing at Dunmore, in the county of Lackawanna and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and `useful Improvements inTurbines, of which' the following is a specification, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to an improved turbine, and has for its primaryobject to provide a turbine construction which is particularly designedfor use in connection with the blower constituting the subject-matter ofmy issued patent, No. 1,222,274-, dated April l0, 1917.

It is an additional object of the invention to provide a one-piece steamringv having separate steam receiving` chambers of the type disclosed inthe patent above referred to, an improved turbine wheel mounted on thefanshaft and upon which steam is delivered from one of the chambersthrough spaced jet orifices, the turbine wheel and blades being soconstructed and associated with the steam ring that a maximum drivingimpulsefis obtained in the impingement of the steam-j ets upontheturbine blades.

` And it is an additional detail object of Vthe invention to provideimproved means for exhausting ,the steam after it` has acted upon theturbine blades, whereby its condensation within the draft nozzle isobviated.

With the` above and other objects in view, my invention consists in thenovel features of ,-construction, combination Aand arrangement of vpartsto be hereinafterinore fully described, claimed, and illustrated inth'e'accompanying drawings, 'in which,

' Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View illustrating the preferredembodiment of my improved turbine;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. l A

Figi' isa fragmentary side elevation of theturbine wheel; f

Fig. 4L is a detail fragmentary plan view of the wheel; j

Fig.` 5 is an enlarged detail sectiontaken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; y

Fig. 6 is a front end elevation;

Fig. 7 is a section taken on the line 7 7 of Fig. l;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view through the steam ring;

Fig. 9 is a section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

' Fig. 10 is a detail fragmentary perspective view of the turbine wheelrim.

Referring in detail to the drawings, 5 designates the blower nozzlewhich may be mounted and secured in the furnace wall in contiguousrelation to the grate in any usual or approved manner. This nozzle atits outer end or mouth is diametrically enlarged to form an annularshoulder 6 thereon and the forwardly projecting fiange 7. j

The steam ring generally indicated by the numeral 8, consists of asingle, annular, metal casting which is hollow and centrally divided bya horizontal, annular wall 9 into the inner and outerannular steamreceiving chambers 10 and l1 respectively. As illustrated, thesechambers are of substantially the same capacity, but it will beunderstood that if desired, the partition wall 9 may be so located thatthe outer chamber will be of greater Capacity than the inner chamber orvice versa.

The'steam ring 8 is provided with a plurality of equidistantly spaced,threaded openings 12 which communicate with the outer steam chamber 11of the ring and open upon the inner face of said ring. Detachable jetnipples 13 have threaded engagement lin these openings. It will benoted' that the openings 12 and consequently the bores of the jetnipples, are angularly disposed with respect to the longitudinal axis ofthe blower nozzle so that the several steam jetswill be delivered orinjected inwardly through the nozzle in convergent relation to a pointin the axial line of the nozzle at, the innerV end of the latter.

`The annular ring 8 at the juncture of its inner side wall with theinner annular wall of the ring, is provided with a convex face indicatedat 141,-, which merges into the concave inner face 16 of an annularHarige l5 formed upon the ring and projecting laterally therefrom. Anannular rib or flange 17 is formed upon the inner wall of the ring 8 inspaced relation'to the convex face 14 of said ring. Steam )et orifices,indicated at 18, are formed through the ring wall and open at theirouter ends upon the convex ring face 14, the inner ends of theseorifices communicating with the steam chamber 10. As shown in Fig. 8,these orifices extend through the ring 'wall at an angle ofsubstantially 45o with respect to the axis of the nozzle, and as shownin Fig. 9, they are also obliquely inclined circumferentially of thesteam ring. The steam delivery jet orifices just described are soarranged to obtain the most effective action of the steam j ets upon theturbine wheel which operates the blower fan.. This turbine wheel willpresently be fully 'described in detail.

The cylindrical, longitudinally extending wall 19 is integrally formedwith the outer side wall of the steam ring 8 and is of greater diameterthan the steam ring. Upon the inner face of this wall 19, spaced seats20 are formed, upon which the base 21 of a bearing pedestal is engagedand securely fixed by means of the bolts 22 extend# ing through saidseats and the wall 19. The converging standards 23 of the bearingpedestal are integrally connected to one half of an elongated bearing24, the other half 25 of said bearing being securely, though removablyfixed to the bearing section 24 by bolts 26. The cap bearing plate 25 ispreferably constructed in a plurality of sections, as clearly seen inFig. 1 of the drawings. 27 designates the fan shaft which is mounted inthe bearing and extends beyond the opposite ends thereof. Bearingsleeves 28 are engaged upon this shaft between the same andthe bearingsections 24 and 25. These sleeves are each likewise formed in twosections as shown in Fig. 2. The bearing section 24 is formed with alongitudinally ex tending, oil receiving groove 29, and the upperbearing sections 25 as well as the lower bearing section 24 are formedwith internal, circumferential channels 30 communicating with saidgroove. Each of the upper sleeve sections 28 is centrally grooved orchanneled, as at 31, said groove atits medial portion extending entirelythrough the sleeve section to expose the periphery of the shaft 27.Rings 32 are loosely engaged in the grooves or channels 31 and aroundthe lower sleeve section 28. A suitable lubricating oil is supplied tothe internal groove 30 of the central bearing section 25 through themedium of a pipe or tube 33 which extends through an opening in the wall19. Tt

willl thus be seen that the lubricating-` oil which collects in thegroove 29 of the lower bearing section is continually supplied to theperiphery ofthe shaft- 27 by the rings 32.

The annular rim 34 of the turbine wheel is connectedgby a plurality ofradially disposed arms 35A to a central hub 36 which is adjustablysecured on the inner end of the fan shaft 27 by a set screw 37. Theouter face of the rim 34 of the turbine wheel is curved, as at 38, andupon this curved face the spaced blades or vanes 39 are formed. Theseblades are obliquely inclined across the face of the wheel as seen inFig. 4, and gradually decrease in width longitudinally from one of theirends to the other. The wider ends of the blades 39 which are opposed tothe concave face 16 on the fiange 15 of the steam ring, projectoutwardly from the peripheral face of the wheel rim, while the reverselycurved medial portions of the blades opposed to the convex face 14 ofthe steam ring, gradually merge into the plane of the outer face of theturbine wheel. The narrower end portions of the blades extend inparallel relation to the axis of the wheel and are flush with the outerface of the wheel rim at its inner edge, as clearly shown in Fig. 10 ofthe drawings. It will be 0bserved that the concavely curved medialportions of the turbine blades are opposed to the outer open ends of thejet orifices 18 of the steam ring. As will be seen from reference toFig. 9 of the drawings, these orifices will deliver this steam on asubstantially tangential line with respect tothe wheel, partly againstthe blades or vanes 39 and partly upon the rim face of the wheel at thebase of the wider end portions ofthe blades. I have vfound that by meansof this construction, the turbine will be driven at a very high speedwith a minimum of frictional wear and Valso with a relatively smallconsumption of steam. lreferably,` it is desirable to prevent thecondensation ofthe steam and the collection of water therefrom withinthe steam nozzle and, to this end, I provide a hollow, annular, exhaustreceivingring 40, the chamber 41 of which at one side of the ring isrelatively narrowand of a width substantially equivalentto the width ofthe wider ends of the turbine blades 39. This ring is securely-fixedupon the side face of the flange 15 ofthe steam ring by means of aplurality of bolts indicated at 42. A' discharge or drain pipe 43 isconnected to the lower' side of theexhaust vring 40`and extends througha` suitable packing chamber 44 provided'upon the wall of the nozzle 5.It is to be noted that the inner wall of the exhaustreceiving ring 40coacts with the turbine wheel at the egress side thereof and effectuallyprevents the axial displacement of this wheel in one direction withrespect to the steam ring, and thereby lretains the blades on the rimface ofthe wheel in proper relation to the recessed face of the steamring.

Upon the outerpend of the shaft `27, the fan indicated at 45 isadjustably securedby means of asetserew 46. This fan may be o-f anyapprovedconventional form, and by isc:

A Lacasse locating the fan eXteriorly of the steam ring and outwardly ofthebearing pedestal for the fan shaft, should the fan break or be,otherwise rendered temporarily inoperative,

Ysecured by means of the screws indicated at 49. The plate 47 isprovided upon its inner edge with an inwardly and outwardly extendingannular wall 50 which constitutes a casing for the fan 45. A door 51 ishingedly mounted upon the plate 47 and is adapted to close the outeropen side of the casing 50, suitable latch means being provided to holdsaid door in its closed position. Preferably, a damper or valve-plate,indicated at 52, is mounted upon the plate 47 and'is provided withopenings therein which are adapted to be brought into coincidingrelation with air openings in the plate 47 by a rotation of said valveplate. Thus, air may be admitted to the nozzle under the action of thesteam jets issuing from the nipples 13 when the door 5l is closed.

j The Vair drawn in through the fan casing, exerts a back pressureagainst the blades of the fan or propeller, and one of the particularobjects and prurposes of the specific construction o-f the turbinehereinbefore described is to counteract this back pressure which wouldotherwise result in a longitudi nalthrust of the fan and turbine shaftand create excessive friction and wear upon the shaft collars andbearing. This result is accomplished by providing` the` turbine wheel orrim and the blades thereof with the outwardly curved section, upon whicha portion of the jets from the steam ring is directly discharged. Thissteam pressure on the curved rim face and the blades tends to ,thrustthe turbine shaft inwardly in a longitudinal direction, and exactlycounterbalthe turbine rim or wheel and enlarging the steam jet orificesin the ring proportionately.

Steam is supplied to the inner chamber 10 of the ring 8 through the pipe61 and to the outer chamber of' said ring through the pipe 62. Thesupply of steam to these two ring chambers may 'be independentlycontrolled as in my prior patentl hereinbefore referred to. Y

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, the construction, manner of operation, andseveral advantages of my invention will be clearly and fully understood.By means of a relatively simple addition to the invention disclosed inmy prior patent, I obtain both a fan and a steam blower, either of whichmay be operated independently of the other' to create the requisiteairdraft beneath the fuel bed. Ordinarily steam will be supplied to theinner steam chamber only for the rotation of the turbine, whereby air isforced through the nozzle by means of the fan. If the fan breaks down orthe turbine wheel requires repairs, these parts may be removed or thefan door closed without removing the damaged parts, and the operation ofthe blower continued by admitting steam to the outer chamber 11, thedamper or valve plate being opened as above explained so that the steamjets from the nozzles 13 will continue the draft of air through thenozzle and the apparatus will not be rendered temporarily useless.` ltwill be observed that I have provided a very compact arrangement andassemblage of the several elements. The steam ring and turbine, the fan,the casing therefor, and the valve plate all may be removed togetherfrom the nozzle mouth simply by removing` thebolts (54. Also, it is tobe observed that the fan, as well as the turbine wheel, may be readilyadjiusted or access had thereto for the purpose of repairing the same. Y

W'hile have above referred to the turbine constituting the subjectmatter of the present application as being used in connection with afurnace blower, it is,l of course, apparent that the improved featuresof the. turbine construction can also be adapted to many other analogoususes. Therefore, it will be understoodthat the foregoing descriptionandrdrawings are merely illustrative of one adaptation of the invention,for which it is primarily designed, and in which use the turbine hasbeen found in practice to give effective and reliable service.` 1

While I have herein .shown and described the preferred .construction andarrangement of the several elements employed, it is to be understoodthat the device is susceptible of considerable modication therein and 1therefore, reserve the privilege of. adopting all such legitimatechanges as may be fairly embodied within the spirit and scope of theinvention as claimed.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I desii'e to claim andsecure by Letters Patent is:

l. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheel havingan annular rim provided with spaced blades upon its outer face, saidblades gradually decreasing in width to one of their ends and merginginto the rim face, said steam ring having its wall recessed to receivethe rim of the turbine wheel, and provided with means for the deliveryof steam jets partly against the blades and partly against the face ofthe turbine wheel.

2. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheel havingan annular rim provided upon its peripheral face with spaced bladeshaving adjacent portions longitudinally curved in relatively oppositedirections, said ring having an exterior surface portion correspondingto the curvature of said blades, and being provided with spaced steamjet orifices to deliver steam jets tangentially upon the blades of theturbine wheel. K

3. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheel havingan annular rim provided upon its peripheral face with spaced bladeshaving adjacent portions longitudinally curved in relatively oppositedirections and each gradually merging at one of its ends into the faceof the wheel rim, said ring having an exterior surface portion ofcorresponding curvature to the turbine blades and provided with spacedjet orifices to deliver steam jets against the blades in tangentialrelation to the turbine wheel.

4l. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim provided upon its peripheral face with spacedblades having adjacent portions longitudinally curved in relativelyopposite directions, each of said blades at one of its ends taperinglongitudinally and gradually `merging into the peripheral face of thewheel rim, said ring having an exterior surface portion of correspondingcurvature to said blades and provided with spaced jet orifices todeliver steam jets upon the blades in tangential relation to the turbinewheel and partly against the rim face of the wheel.

5. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine 'wheelhaving a rim provided upon its peripheral face with spaced blades havingadjacent portions longitudinally curved in relatively oppositedirections, each of said blades tapering at one of its ends and merginginto the peripheral face of the wheel rim, the inner wall of the steamring having its exterior surface re- .cessed to receive the turbine rimand blades and the face of said recess corresponding in curvature tosaid blades, said steam ring insana being further provided `with spacedjet `orior the rim gradually increasing in widtn upon the flaring edgeof the rim, the steam ring having a plurality of jet delivery orificesto discharge steam in tangential relation to the turbine wheel upon therim thereof at the base of the flaringedge portion of said rim.

7. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheel havingan annular rim provided with an outwardiy'flaring edge portion andspaced blades on the outer face oi the rim gradually increasing in widthupon the flaring edge of the rim, the steam ring having a plurality of'jet deliveryv oriiices to discharge steam in tangential relation to theturbine wheel upon the rim thereof' at the base of said `flaring edgeportion, said steam ring being provided upon one of its side faces withan annular flange projecting over the flaring edge` of the wheel rim andthe ends of the turbine blades.-

8. In combination, a hollow steam-receiving ring, a turbine wheel havingan annular rim provided with an outwardly flaring edge portion andspaced blades on the outer face of the rim gradually increasing in widthupon the flaring edge of' the rim, the steam ring having its wallrecessed to receive the A opposite edge portion of the wheel rim and theblades and the latter edges of the blades merging into the peripheralface of the rim, said steam ring having a plurality of jet deliveryorifices to discharge steam in tangential relation to the turbine wheelupon the hrim thereof at the base of the flaring edge portion of saidrim, said steam ring being provided upon one of its side faces with anannular flangeV extending over the flaring edge of the wheel rim and theends of the turbine blades.

9. In combination, a hollow steam receiv` ing ring, a'turbine wheelhaving a multibladed rim juxtaposed tothe steam receiving ring, saidring having a plurality of jet orifices in its wall for the delivery ofsteam jets against the blades of the turbine wheel,

anda steam exhaust receiving member fixed to the steam ring and intowhich the steam is directly discharged from the egress side fbladed rimarranged in juxtaposed relation `to the steam ring, said l'ringhaving aplu` rality of steam jet orifices in its wall for the delivery of' steamagainst the blades of the turbine wheel, and a relatively stationaryexhaust receiving member into which the steam is directly dischargedfrom the egress side of the wheel, said member coacting with the rim of'the turbine wheel and preventing axial movement thereof with relationto the steam ring.

11. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving a multibladed rim arranged in juxtaposed relation to the steamring, said ring having a plu rality of steam jet orifices in its wallfor the delivery of steam against the blades of the turbine wheel, and acontinuous annular exhaust receiving member xed to one side of the steamring and into which the steam is directly discharged from the egressside of the wheel, said member having a part coacting with the rim ofthe turbine wheel to hold the latter against axial displacement relativeto the steam ring.

12. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim rotatable within the steam ring and disposed inthe plane of the inner wall of said ring, said rim having spaced bladeson its outer face extending longitudinally of the ring and havingcontact with the wall thereof7 said ring being provided with a pluralityof j et delivery orifices for the delivery of steam against the bladesof the turbine wheel.

13. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim provided with an outwardly Haring edge portion andspaced blades extending longitudinally of the ring and havingcurvilinear portions extending upon the fiaring edge portion of the rim,the steam ring having a plurality of et delivery orifices to deliversteam against said blades at a point intermediate the ends thereof.

14C. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim disposed in the plane of the inner wall of saidring, said rim being provided with an outwardly flaring edge portion andspaced blades extending obliquely on the outer face of the rim andhaving curvilinear portions on the flaring edge of the rim, the steamring being provided with a plurality of jet delivery orifices for thedelivery of steam upon the rim face of the turbine wheel at the base ofthe flaring edge portiopi thereof.

15. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim rotatable within said ring and disposed in theplane of the inner wall of the steam ring, said rim having an outwardlyflaring edge portion and spaced blades extending obliquely across theouter face of the rim and having curvilinear portions graduallyincreasing` in width to the egress side ofthe rim, said latter portionsof the blades being disposed upon the flaring edge of the rim, the steamring having a plurality of jet delivery orifices to discharge steam intangential relation to the turbine wheel upon the rim face thereof andintermediate of the ends of said blades.

16. In combination, a' hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim and blades upon the outer face of the rim, saidrim being rotatably mounted within the ring and disposed in the plane ofthe inner wall of said ring, the egress side of the turbine wheel beingflush with one side of the ring, and an exhaust receiving member securedto the latter side of the ring to directly receive the exhaust steamfrom the turbine wheel.

17. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim and blades upon the outer face of the rim, saidrim being rotatably mounted within the ring and disposed in the plane ofthe inner wall of said ring, the egress side of the turbine wheel beingflush with one side of the ring, and an exhaust receiving member securedto the latter side of the ring to directly receive the exhaust steamfrom the turbine wheel, said member having a part coacting with the rimof the turbine wheel. to prevent axial movement of said wheel in onedirection with respect to the steam ring.

18. In combination, a hollow steam receiving ring, a turbine wheelhaving an annular rim and blades upon the outer face of the rim, saidrim being rotatably mounted within the ring and disposed in the plane ofthe inner wall of said ring, the egress side of the turbine wheel beingflush with one side of the ring, and a hollow annular exhaust receivingmember open upon one side and secured to the latter face of the steamring to directly receive the exhaust steam from the turbine wheel, theinner wall of said annular member coacting with the rim of the turbinewheel to prevent axial movement of said wheel in one direction withrespect to the steam ring.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

CHARLES S. FARRER.

Witnesses:

VICTOR E. WENZEI., MARION A. WENZEL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing`the Commissioner of Patents,

` Washington, D. C.

